The Health Care System in US Overview and Challenges

The Health Care System U.S. World Complex Name Institutional Affiliation Date: The Health Care System U.S. World Complex 1. From the video, assess how regulations in the U.S. impact the claims and facts presented in this video. Hypothesize where you think the biggest opportunity will be for pharmaceutical companies. After watching the video, I have realized that intellectual rights protection is based on the foundation of RD investment, which are also the building blocks of the pharmaceutical industry. There is adequate evidence to proof that intellectual rights in the form of trademarks and patents are very significant in the pharmaceutical industry as is compared to any other industry. This may be caused by the fact that copyrights on prescription drugs are a better effective measure for increasing the limitation costs than copyrights on other commodities. The value of copyright protection relies on the duration of exclusivity. Although the lifespan of copyrights is predetermined by international treaty at 20 years from the filing of the copyright application, the actual period between gaining market approval and patenting, the significance of the copyright is much less than 20 years. Evidently, both the EU and the U.S. enacted special provisions legislative, which extended the pharmaceuticals patents life. As is the case with America, the Waxman-Hatch Act increased the copyright protection based on name-brand drugs with up to five years, but still it also putsShow MoreRelatedOverview Of Palliative Care Services1588 Words   |  7 Pageshead: OVERVIEW OF PALLIATIVE CARE SERVICES IN CANADA 1 Overview of Palliative Care Services in Canada Jamie Organ Student Number: 0567596 Professor: Ms. J. 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Descriptive Essay - Original Writing Essay - 1318 Words

As soon as I said those words he grabbed me and passionatly kissed me so aggressive but sensual all at the same time. I could feel myself melting into him, as if he was sucking my soul right out of my body and into his. All that time exchanging e-mails created a huge build up that was finally released. He backed up and said hmmm your lips taste so sweet. I didn t even have a chance to reply when he pulled me back in for another soul sucking kiss. I start ripping off his clothes as we continued to kiss. Trying the best I could , I felt like I was panicing just grabing and pulling off whatever I could. He then spun me around, grabbed my hips very firmly and pushed himself into me and whispered in my ear, you feel that? hmmm? You want that?. Yes I softy said. He grabbed the back of my hair, gently tiping my head back and said I didn t hear you, say it again. YES! YES! YES!, I shouted. Good girl, he answered how bad do you want me to fuck you he said then ran his tounge do wn my neck , pulling my hips into his even more. Bad, really fucking bad, I said. He moaned a bit , with one hand holding on to me and the other running over my whole body like he was trying to memorize every inch of me and said Yeah? He then bent me right over the end of the bed and pushed himself inside of me. The amount of ecstay I was feeling at that very moment was astounding. I haven t felt like this so long, the excitement, the rush, the pleasure , the lust. AsShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1110 Words   |  5 PagesI don’t know how I got to where I am, but I’m here now, and I have to win if I want to live. I am in a game, and in order to live, I have to escape. That’s the thing, though: I don’t know how to escape. I was running for my life around this old house that looked like it came straight out of a horror movie. 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Review of Real Life Security Incidents

Question: Discuss about the Review of Real Life Security Incidents. Answer: Introduction As mentioned in the previous section, a breach is an accidental exposure of data. There is no malicious intent. The working parties in a breach are insiders to an organisation. This report is limited to a publicly available information on breaches during September-December 2015. Suppose a person visits a sexual health clinic and opts for undergoing a clinical test. In the small community that the clinic serves, many people know each other by name. Now, suppose that the entire list of individuals that chose to take the test mentioned above is broadcast to each other. What would be the consequences? Would the people, most of whom may be acquaintances of each other, now see each other differently? This section explores one such incident. 56 Dean Street clinic, which specialises in family planning and sexual health, also administers HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) tests. HIV test is a way to ascertain if an individual has the till-now incurable and debilitating disease of AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). AIDS itself has huge social implications that may make a person suffering from this disease at a significant disadvantage in her day-to-day life, with stigma and discrimination ("Stigma and Discrimination", n.d.), and possibly social isolation (Brown, 2016). The aim of the discussed hacking attack was money. Also, this attack was planted over two years and exploited for months. The attack was coordinated internationally, and novel methods for swindling the money were devised. The new techniques were used to avoid detection and also, the majority of the illegal transactions were of a relatively insignificant amount. All these details have made public by a private security company, which under the restrictions of Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA), is prevented from naming the banks. Any bank affected itself has not come forward and publicly disclosed the attack. How could the secure banking systems be compromised? How could the planting of the malware go on for about two years without no one or no system detecting it Problem The problem was the fraudulent activities are done in the banking system, which led to the transfer of real money to unauthorised people (the criminals themselves). Additionally, the stealth used by the criminals fooled the individuals and the systems of the banks into letting these transactions pass off as routine. Also, the members of this particular attack impersonated as officers and staff of the banks to "oversee" operations. The failure to detect fake staff was also missed. Review of Two Real-life Security Incidents The most valuable asset of an organisation is intangible - data (Poole, 2007). Anything that is worth stealing will be stolen, and in today's information-based society, data provides a lucrative opportunity for easy ways to make money. In addition to big-name targets (Granville, 2015), smaller companies are also being targeted by attackers (Connolly, Gardiner, 2015). Also, not only are the skills and resources of the attackers increasing with time, the threat landscape itself is evolving (Security, n.d.). Thus the security of computers, networks, and data is a moving target. This report focuses on reviewing two real-life information security incidents. The first part discusses a breach, while the second talks about a successful hacking attack. To begin, let us differentiate between a breach and a hack (Landt, 2016). A breach is an accidental and non-malicious exposure of confidential information from inside the organisation. A hack is a willful and malicious attack from outside to c ompromise the organisation. Computer Security Breach Incident Problem At the 56 Dean Street clinic, as is the case with almost every organisation, newsletters are sent to people who have used their services. Whether or not the people have expressly consented to receive the newsletter when they provided their email address is not relevant to the current discussion. Individuals who opted for HIV test had their data bundled together in a group. This group was sent a regular email newsletter. What happened is that the employee in charge of sending out the email newsletter sent, in addition to the bulletin, details of name and email addresses of every person who had undergone HIV test in that clinic. How and Why the Breach Occurred The breach took place while the employee was compiling the list of HIV tested customers as a name and email pair. This was copied and then supposed to be pasted in blind carbon copy (BCC) field of the email compose screen. The employee pasted it into carbon copy (CC) field of the compose screen (Ford, 2015). Recipients in BCC field are unaware of other recipients, while in CC are aware of all those who have received a particular email message (Hoffman, 2012). This mistake resulted in all the people taking HIV test receiving the names and email addresses of all other such people (Burgess, 2016). The breach occurred because of laxity towards personal and confidential data. Such data is privileged information and not for the consumption of public. The lack of diligence is at multiple levels. At the management level, a stricter, possibly automated procedure, should have been used. At the individual employee level, he should have been alert and exercised care before hitting the send button. Possible Solutions As discussed in the previous section, the reasons for such a breach were not giving private data the respect it deserves, no formal rules, manually touching such data and carelessness of the employee handling the distribution of email newsletters. Keeping these reasons in mind, we propose the following solutions to prevent such a situation. It must be noted that once an email leaves the sending server, there is no way to cancel it. Email is instantaneous and even though the sender and receiver may be sitting on opposite sides of the Earth, still once and email hits even a single external server, it is beyond the point of no return (Hoffman, 2013). Confidential data is confidential for a reason and must be treated with respect, and this should show throughout the hierarchy of the organisation. To this end, comprehensive formal rules are suggested to make everyone clear as to what is at stake - not only the data but also the financial and legal implications, should it be breached. Next, every person touching this data must be logged, so that the actual person responsible for any action on the data can be traced, and handled accordingly. A better process can be to maintain automated lists (which only senior staff and database administrators can access) and then provide software with the newsletter content and the software will BCC the newsletter to every person in the list. No manual contamination of the process will be possible in such an arrangement. If there has to be a manual sending, then the employee in charge of each issue must be logged, and that person must be made aware that in the case of any data breaches occurring du e to her, she will be personally responsible for it. Computer Hacking Incident Hacking is an active process. Someone somewhere is motivated enough to use her skills and resources to attempt to attack, invade, and compromise a computer system. Malicious intent is the hallmark of a hacking attempt. The motivations may be amusement, financial, revenge, or patriotic. This report will select one publicly well-known hacking case between 2012 to 2016, and explore it. Financial and banking systems are tested thoroughly. Various laws and regulations exist which help in maintaining the security of these information systems. These institutions inspire trust in the customers as well as the employees. Still, banks are where the money is, and thus they are one of the evergreen targets. The case study chosen is about attackers infiltrating the banking systems using malware, observing the procedures and routine activities via the data sent by the malware on the computers of the banking systems (Sanger, Perlroth, 2015). Who Were Affected and How In this attacking operation, primarily the banking system was affected. Now, cash was extracted from ATM (Automated Teller Machine) machines remotely by hackers. This money belongs to the bank until some authorised person inserts his card and withdraws some amount. Money was illegally transferred from certain accounts to some fake accounts which were created for this purpose only. Most of the customers can be assumed to be alert of their balances. Now, what these hackers did was inflate (artificially of course) the balance in some account and then transfer the excess to their fake account. The original owner of the bank account which served as the launch pad still had the same balance in his account, thus not triggering any out-of-ordinary suspicion unless the detailed statement was analysed. In any case, the money was transferred. Whose money was it? It was the bank's money. Thus, it is concluded that the banks per se were affected and lost real money. The individual account holders were not affected in that their total balance remained the same. However, this incident showcases that the entire system has been compromised, and any determined and resourced attackers can bend the banking and financial system to their will. How Was the Attack Carried Out This attack too had a simple method - email links. The hackers sent emails to employees which convincingly looked as if they came from colleagues. The clicking of an innocent looking link enabled the hackers to download malware on the computers of the banks. The software then trawled the network to identify the central computers. When the administrator computers were located, a further software was downloaded from the hacker servers, which allowed key-logging, screenshots, screencasts, and then uploaded all these to the hackers. To be fair, the hackers expended a tremendous amount of effort to understand the workings of the banks. Critical to the success of the attackers' mission was mimicking the bona fide operations and staff completely. Once, the internal workings were understood, then the next phase of the attack was simpler. Show up at the right place in the right attire and leave with the cash. Remotely order some fraudulent transactions that real money to some temporary accoun ts. Other novel methods of transferring money were also devised. How Could the Attack Have Been Prevented As explained in the previous section, many chinks in the baking armour have been exposed. The faults begin with the emails that were able to bypass any automated checks and reach the employees' inboxes. Some software should have automatically scanned the emails and the links for malicious code or links. Next, the employee must always be on guard to the slightest suspicion. If necessary, the sender of the email may be personally contacted at his official email address confirming the suspected email message. The firewalls should be sensitive not only to the incoming traffic but also the outgoing traffic. Such an arrangement may have been able to intercept when the key logs, screenshots and videos were being sent back to the hackers. Finally, measures should already have been secure enough, but now need to be updated to prevent any impersonations. Additionally, expending more resources to more frequent cross-checking of accounts is recommended. Conclusion The idea from both the case studies seems to be that the human link of a security chain is often the weakest. Incidentally, both the case studies used emails as their attack medium, and critical to their success was fooling the humans into clicking target links. In addition to security alerts, perhaps logging of the links opened by the employees will serve as a motivation for the employees to exercise good diligence. Also, case-specific measures have been recommended. References Brown, A. (2016). Social Effects of HIV AIDS. LIVESTRONG.COM. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.livestrong.com/article/19464-social-effect-hiv-aids/ Burgess, M. (2016). London HIV clinic fined 180,000 for 'serious' data breach. WIRED UK. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.wired.co.uk/article/56-dean-street-fine-data-protection-hiv Connolly, B., Gardiner, B. (2015). Case study: When a hacker destroys your business. CIO. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.cio.com.au/article/569410/case-study-when-hacker-destroys-your-business/ Ford, N. (2015). Londons 56 Dean Street clinic leaks HIV status of 780 patients. IT Governance Blog. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.itgovernance.co.uk/blog/londons-56-dean-street-clinic-leaks-hiv-status-of-780-patients/ Granville, K. (2015). 9 Recent Cyberattacks Against Big Businesses. Nytimes.com. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/02/05/technology/recent-cyberattacks.html?_r=0 Hoffman, C. (2012). Whats the Difference Between CC and BCC When Sending an Email?. Howtogeek.com. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.howtogeek.com/128028/htg-explains-whats-the-difference-between-cc-and-bcc-when-sending-an-email/ Hoffman, C. (2013). Why You Cant Undo Sending an Email (and When You Can). Howtogeek.com. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.howtogeek.com/161762/why-you-cant-undo-sending-an-email-and-when-you-can/ Landt, K. (2016). Breach vs. HackThe Differences You Need to Know to Protect Your Company. Blog.eiqnetworks.com. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://blog.eiqnetworks.com/blog/breach-vs.-hack-the-differences-you-need-to-know-to-protect-your-company Poole, O. (2007). Network Security (1st ed., p. 140). Routledge. Sanger, D., Perlroth, N. (2015). Bank Hackers Steal Millions via Malware. Nytimes.com. Retrieved 31 March 2017, from https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/15/world/bank-hackers-steal-millions-via-malware.html?_r=0 Security, E. ENISAs Cyber-Threat overview 2015 ENISA. Enisa.europa.eu. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.enisa.europa.eu/news/enisa-news/enisa2019s-cyber-threat-overview-2015 Stigma and Discrimination. Web.stanford.edu. Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://web.stanford.edu/group/virus/retro/2005gongishmail/hivsocial.html

Neverland free essay sample

Peter Pan is a favorite book of mine. Everybody knows the story of the child who refused to grow up. That’s me. At least, it used to be. I spent my high school career in a daze, coddled away from harsh realities and future responsibilities, bolstered by praises and confirmations. â€Å"You’re gifted, Emily,† or â€Å"With your smarts, you’ll go far, Emily.† I just nodded and smiled, closing my eyes and letting their words sweep me away. When I opened my eyes again, I found myself alone in a dingy, white dorm room. Somehow, I had stumbled my way into college at sixteen. The reality hit me as soon as my parents closed the door behind them, tears springing to my eyes. Like our storybook fey, I suddenly found myself face to face with the prospect of â€Å"growing up,† and I, too, felt like flying away to Neverland. I treaded timidly at first, reluctantly testing the water with one toe, and then, for lack of fairy dust, dove into my future head first. We will write a custom essay sample on Neverland or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And it was surprisingly easy. I adjusted almost seamlessly; living alone isn’t hard, classes are interesting, and my grades are satisfactory. It’s even fun. Next semester is looking even better. Not that there weren’t struggles, times I was sad, times it was hard, times I wanted to go home. But those instances grew fewer and fewer. Now I’m looking ahead. That’s what’s so amazing about growing up. It comes naturally, without warning. Adulthood sneaks up on you in the night, stifling childish fantasies and planting practical plans, realistic goals. It alters you little by little, almost imperceptibly, until one day a friend, a relative utters the words, â€Å"You look so grown up!† You can only stare at the mirror in disbelief. I do? They say hindsight is 20/20. Now I can see how in just one semester, I’ve grown so much. Living on campus has exposed me to so many different kinds of people. I’ve been able to explore new fields of study. I’ve learned to hold my own, how to cope, how to succeed, how to live. Away from the security of high school, of home It was painfully apparent how sheltered, how naive, I really was. I was a deer in the headlights back then. It’s funny now that I can look back on it with new perspective, new knowledge, and new maturity. Is it possible to pinpoint the transition from child to adult? Somehow this must be it; however, sometimes I still catch my mind wandering away from my textbook, back to that childish fancy. Of course, if Peter Pan were to offer me his hand tonight, I would have to close the window. Now, to me, there’s something that shines brighter than the second star to the right: the future. So, I won’t say I’m an adult just yet, but I’m certainly on my way.